罪 ⎯ 它到底是什么?

感染了所有人类的致命属灵疾病


导言

这就如罪是从一人入了世界,死又是从罪来的,于是死就临到众人,因为众人都犯了罪。

⎯ 罗马书五章12节

接着,夏娃把果子拿给亚当,亚当也吃了。他们立刻察觉到自己是赤身露体,便感到羞耻。可怕的事发生了。事情起了变化。撒旦的邪恶就如传染病一样。通过亚当的悖逆,这邪恶的病进入了这个世界。这就是罪。罪是一种怂恿人心的力量,为要破坏人与上帝之间的关系。凡罪所经之处,至终带来死亡。亚当和夏娃被造,原本是要永远活在与上帝美好的和谐之中。但他们吃了那果子,使他们独立于神之外行事,而那正是撒旦曾经做的。现在,他们先经历灵里的死亡,接着是肉体的死亡。从亚当开始,罪就一代又一代地延续下来,影响全人类,直到如今。

⎯《盼望》影片,第三章

 

观察与思考

罪这个字出现在圣经三百五十多次,最常用来指一个对抗神的行为(圣经常是指“过犯”)。其实罪的一个定义是“没打中红心”1,记住这点,我们就可说“红心”是指神的道路和方式,当我们没达到那标准时,就是犯罪。

在圣经里,罪也被用来描述影响人去对抗神的权威的那个权势,它不只是对抗神的一个行为或行动,也是影响我们做出反抗神的行为的拟人化权势(参考:创世记四章7节和罗马书六章12-13节)。通过亚当,这致命的权势就扩散到整个人类。

现在你能明白《盼望》影片为什么把罪描述为像传染病一样的实体了2。无法用医学技术诊断出它,因为它不是身体的疾病。它是个灵性的疾病,而且永远带来死亡。惟有神能医治它。

问题与反思

许多人认为,只要做个好人,就能与神和好。一个流行的看法是,只要一生做好事多过坏事,就能进天堂。问题是即使一个人一生过着完美的生活(但我们当中没有人能做到⎯罗马书三章23节),那人仍然罹患了罪这疾病,这就足以拦阻我们与神建立正确的关系。你知道吗?不仅是我们的“罪行”使我们和神的关系决裂,我们的“罪性”也阻挡我们。一如在第十七课看到的,我们靠自己绝不是撒旦的对手,若没有神的能力在我们里面运作,我们也无法胜过罪。

  • 你生活中有没有什么是你一直挣扎的,或许是习惯性的呢?
  • 你生活中有没有哪些冲动和情欲,无论你多努力,都无法除掉的呢?
  • 当你诚实回答这些问题后,还发现很难相信在你里面有个称为罪的权势在运作吗?

决心与行动

如果你愿意让神来做,他会把你从罪的权势中释放出来,而且有一天会让你再也看不到罪。可是这是你的选择,你必须接受神对罪这问题所用的解决办法,承认靠你自己的力量无法制伏罪。除了神的解决办法之外,没有别的办法。他把这办法以礼物的形式提供给每个人,你收到神的礼物了吗?

请弄清楚一点,除非你接受那礼物,否则那礼物就不是礼物。神的礼物是什么,以及如何能接受那礼物,都详细记录在本研读指南最后面《认识神》的部分。

参考文献

For an in–depth study of sin as a spiritual disease, consider reading the following resources:

  • Dr. Bill Gillham, “The Power of Sin” from the November 1988 issue of Discipleship Journal. (http://brotherheart.wordpress.com/articles-by-bill-gillham/the-power-of-sin-part-2/) Retrieved October 6, 2006.
  • John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion. (http://divdl.library.yale.edu/dl/FullText.aspx?qc=Eikon&q=3154&qp=28) Retrieved October 6, 2006. “Declaring that all of us died in Adam, Paul at the same time plainly testifies that we are infected with the disease of sin.”
  • William Perkins, The Art of Prophesying (1592, repr. Banner of Truth Trust, 1996, 54–55). As quoted by R. Scott Clark (Associate Professor of Historical and Systematic Theology, Westminster Seminary California), Classical Covenant Theology – Part 1: On Law and Gospel. (http://www.monergism.com/thethreshold/sdg/perkins_prophesying.html) Retrieved August 27, 2015. “The law exposes the disease of sin, and as a side–effect, stimulates and stirs it up. But it provides no remedy for it. However the gospel not only teaches us what is to be done; it also has the power of the Holy Spirit joined to it.”
  • John Wesley, The Works of John Wesley, 14 Volumes, 5:449 (Peabody, Massachusetts, Hendrickson Publishing House, 1986). As quoted by Earl Robinson, Wesleyan Distinctives in Salvation Army Theology. (https://www.salvationist.org/extranet_main.nsf/vw_sublinks/8E93913570C2699B80256F16006D3C6F?openDocument). Retrieved October 5, 2006. “The preaching of the gospel, on the other hand, is the offer of a physician for the disease of sin. Wesley said: ‘It is absurd ...to offer a physician to those that are whole, or that at least imagine themselves to be. You are first to convince them that they are sick; otherwise they will not thank you for your labor.’”

脚注

1Charles C. Ryrie, Basic Theology (© Victor Books, a Division of Scripture Press Publications, Inc., Wheaton, Illinois, 1988, p. 212). “Indeed, it might be a good idea to define it [sin] thus: sin is missing the mark, badness, rebellion, iniquity, going astray, wickedness, wandering, ungodliness, crime, lawlessness, transgression, ignorance, and a falling away.”
2Billy Graham, “When Having It All Isn’t Enough” from the June 2004 issue of Decision magazine. Retrieved October 5, 2006.

所引用的经文取自圣经和合本